{"id":1908,"date":"2019-01-20T22:05:43","date_gmt":"2019-01-20T21:05:43","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/pitvaros.sk\/?p=1908"},"modified":"2018-10-17T21:16:51","modified_gmt":"2018-10-17T19:16:51","slug":"ako-sa-volakedy-pralo-na-pitvarosi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/pitvaros.sk\/sk\/?p=1908","title":{"rendered":"Ako sa vo\u013eakedy pralo na Pitvaro\u0161i"},"content":{"rendered":"

Zn\u00e1me pr\u00edslovie hovor\u00ed, \u017ee \u201e\u010cistota pol \u017eivota.\u201c Toto v\u00fdsti\u017en\u00e9 pr\u00edslovie st\u00e1le plat\u00ed a\u00a0platilo aj v minulosti na Pitvaro\u0161i. Ve\u010f kto by u\u017e chcel chodi\u0165 \u0161pinav\u00fd? V\u00f4\u0148a \u010derstvo vypran\u00e9ho a\u00a0vybielen\u00e9ho pr\u00e1dla mala nielen vo\u013eakedy, ale i\u00a0dnes, svoje \u010daro. Na\u0161i predkovia vedeli, \u017ee kde niet \u010distoty, niet ani zdravia. To \u010di im \u010distota pred\u013a\u017eila \u017eivot a\u017e o\u00a0polovicu sa u\u017e dnes asi nedozvieme. Pod siln\u00fdm vplyvom trad\u00edci\u00ed, n\u00e1bo\u017eenstva, povier a\u00a0sk\u00fasenost\u00ed s\u00a0mno\u017estvom chor\u00f4b a\u00a0epid\u00e9mii, ktor\u00e9 museli Pitvaro\u0161ania prekona\u0165 m\u00e1 pozit\u00edvny vz\u0165ah k\u00a0\u010distote viac ne\u017e nevyhnutn\u00fd a\u00a0re\u00e1lny z\u00e1klad. Vz\u0165ah Pitvaro\u0161anov k\u00a0\u010distote op\u00edsala jedna star\u00e1 mamouka slovami: \u201e\u010do aj ak\u00ed chudobn\u00ed sme boli, boli sme st\u00e1le cist\u00ed a\u00a0upraven\u00ed<\/em>\u201c.<\/p>\n

M\u00e1ria Urban\u010dokov\u00e1, roden\u00e1 Ko\u017euchov\u00e1 (1922-1997) vo svojich poviedkach op\u00edsala \u017eivot na Pitvaro\u0161i v\u00a0prvej polovici minul\u00e9ho storo\u010dia a\u00a0popri pr\u00edbehoch o\u00a0l\u00e1ske, \u0161\u0165ast\u00ed i\u00a0ne\u0161\u0165ast\u00ed p\u00edsala i\u00a0o\u00a0zvykoch dolnozemsk\u00fdch Slov\u00e1kov na Pitvaro\u0161i. O\u00a0pran\u00ed v\u00a0poviedke Mat\u00fa\u0161 uviedla nasledovn\u00e9:\u00a0\u201eGazdin\u00e9 oby\u010dajne nam\u00e1\u010dali konopnie plachty, rub\u00e1\u0161e, gaty v\u00a0lete pri stuni, v\u00a0zime v\u00a0pitvore do kuracienkovej vody. Bola to voda siln\u00e1, ako z\u00a0l\u00fahovyho keme\u0148a. T\u00fa si tak pripravili, \u017ee do vedra zaliali za lopatu kuracienka a\u00a0potom rozmie\u0161ali a\u00a0doliali plnvo vedro. Nahali ho ust\u00e1\u0165 a\u00a0ke\u010f sa voda ocistila, bola priezra\u010dn\u00e1, cist\u00e1, tak do takejto vody rozriedenej nam\u00e1\u010dali pr\u00e1dlo. Potom odprali a\u00a0vypr\u00e1vali so sap\u00fanom (mydlo) doma uvaren\u00fdm<\/em>.\u201c<\/p>\n

Star\u00ed \u013eudia si v\u017edy vedeli poradi\u0165. Aj ke\u010f sa n\u00e1m niektor\u00e9 ich postupy m\u00f4\u017eu dnes zda\u0165 ako neobvykl\u00e9, ale svoju funkciu plnili dokonalo. Dedinsk\u00ed \u013eudia boli lep\u0161ie adaptovan\u00ed na pre\u017eitie ako dne\u0161n\u00ed \u013eudia. Sk\u00fasenosti si pred\u00e1vali z\u00a0gener\u00e1cie na gener\u00e1ciu a\u00a0rokmi si ich zve\u013ea\u010fovali. Dne\u0161n\u00fd \u010dlovek, zvyknut\u00fd k\u00fapi\u0165 si \u010do potrebuje, by bol u\u017e pri moh\u00fdch pr\u00e1cach straten\u00fd. Aj dnes be\u017en\u00fa vec, ako mydlo \u013eudia vo\u013eakedy nekupovali, ale si ho samy vyr\u00e1bali. Mydlo sa na dolnej zemi naz\u00fdvalo \u201esap\u00fan\u201c. Pe\u0148az\u00ed nebolo nazvy\u0161 a\u00a0kupovali sa len tak\u00e9 veci, \u010do si samy nevedeli zadov\u00e1\u017ei\u0165.<\/p>\n

Postup pr\u00edpravy sap\u00fanu pod\u013ea spomienok z\u00a0detstva op\u00edsala M\u00e1ria Bar\u00e1nyov\u00e1 zo Senca:\u00a0\u201eDo kotl\u00edka sa naliala voda, asi 5 litrov a\u00a0potom sa pod kotl\u00edk nakl\u00e1dlo drevo a\u00a0zap\u00e1lil sa ohe\u0148. Do vriacej vody sa nasypal l\u00fah sodn\u00fd a star\u00e9 kosti a odrezky (chrupavky a zbytky \u010do sa nespotrebovali zo zab\u00edja\u010dky). Ur\u010dit\u00fa dobu sa to varilo. Kvalita tekutiny sa sk\u00fa\u0161ala brkom. Ke\u010f bol l\u00fah siln\u00fd sp\u00e1lilo to perie na brku. Pri varen\u00ed sap\u00fan vystupoval hore a\u00a0l\u00fah zostal na spodku.\u00a0<\/em>Ak sa perie na brku nesp\u00e1lilo, bolo treba prida\u0165 l\u00fah sodn\u00fd aby bol sap\u00fan mocn\u00fd. Aby bol sap\u00fan \u010dist\u00fd, pozbieral sa vrch do druhej n\u00e1doby (cca 30 cm).\u00a0<\/em>Potom sa l\u00fah zlial a\u00a0cel\u00fd postup sa zopakoval e\u0161te raz. Sap\u00fan bol \u010distej\u0161\u00ed. Urobila sa dreven\u00e1 forma vystlan\u00e1 slamou a\u00a0do toho sa d\u00e1val z\u00a0vrchu \u010dist\u00fd sap\u00fan a\u00a0nechal sa stuhn\u00fa\u0165. Po zaschnut\u00ed vznikla ve\u013ek\u00e1 kocka okrovej farby s\u00a0rozmermi pribli\u017ene 20 x 10 cm (pod\u013ea rozmeru drevenej formy).\u201c<\/em><\/p>\n

A\u00a0\u010do sa urobilo s\u00a0ostatn\u00fdm l\u00fahom? Ni\u010d sa nevyhadzovalo, v\u0161etko sa spotrebovalo. L\u00fah sa pou\u017e\u00edval na um\u00fdvanie vlasov ako \u0161amp\u00f3n. Boli po \u0148om pekn\u00e9 leskl\u00e9 a pevn\u00e9. Pitvaro\u0161ania aj nieko\u013eko desa\u0165ro\u010d\u00ed po pres\u00eddlen\u00ed pou\u017e\u00edvali pri ru\u010dnom pran\u00ed doma vyroben\u00fd sap\u00fan. Dnes u\u017e perieme v\u00a0pr\u00e1\u010dkach, ale na poval\u00e1ch star\u00fdch domov pres\u00eddlencov mo\u017eno e\u0161te st\u00e1le driemu k\u00fasky poctivo vyroben\u00e9ho \u010distidla. Sap\u00fan a\u00a0l\u00fah nahradili v\u00fdrobky z\u00a0obchodu.<\/p>\n

I\u00a0dnes m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 pre n\u00e1s in\u0161pir\u00e1ciou vynaliezavos\u0165 na\u0161ich predkov a\u00a0ich schopnos\u0165 poradi\u0165 si niekedy i\u00a0neobvykl\u00fdmi sp\u00f4sobmi s\u00a0be\u017en\u00fdm \u017eivotom na dedine.<\/p>\n

Autor:<\/strong> Michal Ko\u017euch<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

Doma vyroben\u00fd \u201epitvaro\u0161sk\u00fd sap\u00fan\u201c<\/em><\/p>\n

(fotografia: Michal Ko\u017euch)<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Zn\u00e1me pr\u00edslovie hovor\u00ed, \u017ee \u201e\u010cistota pol \u017eivota.\u201c Toto v\u00fdsti\u017en\u00e9 pr\u00edslovie st\u00e1le plat\u00ed a\u00a0platilo aj v minulosti na Pitvaro\u0161i. Ve\u010f kto by u\u017e chcel chodi\u0165 \u0161pinav\u00fd? V\u00f4\u0148a \u010derstvo vypran\u00e9ho a\u00a0vybielen\u00e9ho pr\u00e1dla mala nielen vo\u013eakedy, ale i\u00a0dnes, svoje \u010daro. Na\u0161i predkovia vedeli, \u017ee kde niet \u010distoty, niet ani zdravia. To \u010di im \u010distota pred\u013a\u017eila \u017eivot a\u017e o\u00a0polovicu Pre\u010d\u00edta\u0165 viac o Ako sa vo\u013eakedy pralo na Pitvaro\u0161i<\/span>[…]<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1909,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[10],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1908","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-tradicna-kultura"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/pitvaros.sk\/sk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/IMG-20180807-WA0003.jpg","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/pitvaros.sk\/sk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1908","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/pitvaros.sk\/sk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/pitvaros.sk\/sk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pitvaros.sk\/sk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pitvaros.sk\/sk\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=1908"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/pitvaros.sk\/sk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1908\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1910,"href":"https:\/\/pitvaros.sk\/sk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1908\/revisions\/1910"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pitvaros.sk\/sk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/1909"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/pitvaros.sk\/sk\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=1908"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pitvaros.sk\/sk\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=1908"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pitvaros.sk\/sk\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=1908"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}